Process
A process is a program or command that is actually running on the computer. 1 The operating system can run many different processes at the same time. 1
Process commands on the CLI:
Ctrl+C:
- Stops a process
sleep 60
^C
Ctrl+Z:
- Pause a process
sleep 5
^Z
[1]+ Stopped sleep 5
echo "Hello"
Hello
fg, bg:
- Resume in either foreground or background
fg
sleep 5
bg
[1]+ sleep 5 &
echo "What now?"
What now?
[1]+ Done sleep 5
&:
- Start a process in the background
cat /dev/random > /dev/null &
jobs:
- Lists all jobs (processes)
jobs
[1]- Stopped cat /dev/random > /dev/null
[2]+ Stopped sleep 10
kill:
- Terminate jobs (processes)
kill %1
[1]+ Terminated cat /dev/random > /dev/null
-
Jobs are tied to the terminal session
- Exiting terminal kills stopped and backgrounded jobs
-
Protect background job from terminal exit:
nohup sleep 10 & // "no hang up" for a new job disown %1 // For a job already running